Ibyiza by'imiyoboro y'ibyuma ivanze n'ibyuma bikonje kandi ivanze n'ibyuma bivanze

Mu rwego rw'ubwubatsi n'inganda, guhitamo ibikoresho byo gusudira n'uburyo bwo kubisudira bigira uruhare runini mu kurangiza neza umushinga uwo ari wo wose. Kimwe mu bikoresho nk'ibyo cyakunzwe cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha ni imiyoboro y'ubwubatsi ikonje. Iki gicuruzwa gishya gitanga inyungu nyinshi ugereranyije n'imiyoboro gakondo idakora cyangwa ivanze, cyane cyane imiyoboro y'uruziga.

 Ubukonje inyubako zakozwe mu buryo bwa svedeUmuyoboro ukorwa binyuze mu buryo bwo gukora ibintu bikonje, busaba gupfunyika no gukora imigozi y'icyuma mu ishusho wifuza. Umusaruro ni umuyoboro ukomeye kandi uramba, ariko woroshye kandi woroshye gukoresha. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bikonje butuma umuyoboro ugumana ubuziranenge n'ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo byawo, bigatuma uba mwiza cyane mu gukoresha mu gusudira.

Imitungo ya Mekanike

Ibikoresho bya shimi

Ikizamini cy'amazi

Buri burebure bw'umuyoboro bugomba kugeragezwa n'uruganda ku gitutu cya hydrostatic kizatera mu rukuta rw'umuyoboro igitutu kitari munsi ya 60% by'imbaraga z'umusaruro ntarengwa wagenwe ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Igitutu kigomba kugenwa n'ikigereranyo gikurikira:
P=2St/D

Impinduka zemewe mu buremere n'ingano

Uburebure bwa buri muyoboro bugomba gupimwa ukwabwo kandi uburemere bwabwo ntibugomba gutandukana kurenza 10% hejuru cyangwa 5.5% munsi y'uburemere bwabwo, bubarwa hakoreshejwe uburebure bwabwo n'uburemere bwabwo kuri buri gice cy'uburebure.
Umurambararo wo hanze ntugomba gutandukana kurenza ± 1% ugereranije n'umurambararo wo hanze wagenwe.
Ubugari bw'urukuta aho ari ho hose ntibugomba kurenza 12.5% ​​munsi y'ubugari bw'urukuta bwagenwe.

Uburebure

Uburebure bumwe butunguranye: 16 kugeza 25ft (4.88 kugeza 7.62m)
Uburebure bubiri butunguranye: hejuru ya 25ft kugeza 35ft (7.62 kugeza 10.67m)
Uburebure bungana: ihinduka ryemewe ± 1in

Irangira

Imiyoboro y'amazi igomba gushyirwaho impera zisanzwe, kandi uduce tw'amazi ku mpera tugomba gukurwaho
Iyo impera y'umuyoboro yagenwe kuba impera z'umuyoboro, inguni igomba kuba hagati ya dogere 30 na 35

Imwe mu nyungu z'ingenzi zo gukoresha inyubako zikozwe mu buryo bukonjeumuyoboro wo gusudirani ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Bitandukanye n'imiyoboro gakondo, ishobora kwangirika no kwangirika kw'ibindi bintu, imiyoboro ikonje yakozwe kugira ngo ihangane n'ubukana bwo gusudira n'izindi nganda. Ibi bituma iba nziza mu bikorwa bitandukanye kuva ku bwubatsi bw'inyubako kugeza ku mishinga y'ibikorwa remezo.

Indi nyungu y'imiyoboro ikonje ikozwe mu buryo bukonje ni uko ihendutse. Uburyo bwo gukora imiyoboro ikonje bushobora gukora imiyoboro mu bunini n'imiterere itandukanye, bigabanyiriza gukenera uburyo buhenze bwo gucukura no gukora. Ibi bituma ibicuruzwa bihendutse kandi byizewe nk'imiyoboro idakora cyangwa ikozwe mu buryo bukonje. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yoroheje y'imiyoboro ikonje ituma gutwara no kuyishyiraho byoroha kandi bigahenda, bigatuma irushaho kuryoha.

Imiyoboro y'imigozi ikoze mu mizingo irushaho kungukira cyane mu gukora ubukonje. Imbaraga n'ubushobozi bw'imiyoboro ikonje bituma iba nziza mu gukora imiyoboro iramba kandi idapfa gusohoka. Ibi bituma iba amahitamo meza yo gukoreshwa nko gukoresha imiyoboro yo munsi y'ubutaka, imiyoboro y'amazi ndetse no mu buryo bwo kuhira mu buhinzi. Byongeye kandi, ubuso bworoshye bw'imiyoboro ikonje bugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika no kwangirika, bikongera igihe cyo kumara imiyoboro kandi bikagabanya gukenera kuyisana no kuyisana.

Muri rusange, imiyoboro ikonje ikozwe mu buryo bukonje itanga ibyiza byinshi bituma iba amahitamo meza yo gukoresha mu gusudira, cyane cyane imiyoboro y'umushono ikoze mu buryo bw'uruziga. Ingufu zayo, kuramba kwayo no kugabanya ikiguzi bituma iba amahitamo meza ku nganda zitandukanye, kuva ku bwubatsi kugeza ku nganda. Uko icyifuzo cy'ibikoresho byiza kandi byizewe gikomeza kwiyongera, imiyoboro ikonje ikozwe mu buryo bukonje izahinduka amahitamo akunzwe cyane mu gusudira.