Imiyoboro y'imyubakire ifite ibice bidafite icyobo yo gukoresha mu nzira za gaze karemano zo munsi y'ubutaka

Imiyoboro y'imyubakire ifite ibice bidafite icyobo ku miyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y'ubutaka Ishusho yagaragaye

Ibisobanuro bigufi:

Mu gihe cyo kubaka imiyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y'ubutaka, guhitamo ibikoresho ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ibikorwa remezo bigerweho mu mutekano no mu buryo bwiza. Imiyoboro y'imyubakire y'imyubakire y'imyubakire, cyane cyane imiyoboro y'imyunyungugu izunguruka, irimo gukundwa cyane bitewe n'imbaraga zayo zikomeye, kuramba no kudakira ingese. Muri iyi blog, tuzasuzuma akamaro k'imyunyungugu.-imiyoboro y’ibice by’ingenzi mu kubaka imiyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y’ubutaka n’inyungu z’ingenzi itanga.

Ohereza imeri kuri twe

Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gicuruzwa

Ibirango by'ibicuruzwa

Umusenyi wo mu mazi urimo uruzigaumuyoboroszikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka imiyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y’ubutaka bitewe n’uburyo zikorwamo bwihariye. Imiyoboro ikorwa binyuze mu gukora imiyoboro y’icyuma gishyushye kizunguruka mu buryo bw’uruziga hanyuma ikayisudira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusudira imiyoboro y’uruziga. Ibi bitanga imiyoboro y’uruziga ikomeye cyane ifite ubugari bumwe kandi ifite imiterere myiza, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu gutwara gaze karemano yo munsi y’ubutaka.

Imbonerahamwe ya 2 Imiterere y'ingenzi y'imiyoboro y'icyuma (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 na API Spec 5L)
Igisanzwe	Ingano y'icyuma	Ibinyabutabire (%)						Umutungo wo gukurura						Ikizamini cy'Ingaruka cya Charpy (V notch)
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Ibindi	Ingufu z'umusaruro (Mpa)		Imbaraga zo Gukurura (Mpa)		（L0=5.65 √ S0）Ingano y'iminota yo guhagarara (%)
		umubare ntarengwa	umubare ntarengwa	umubare ntarengwa	umubare ntarengwa	umubare ntarengwa	Ibindi	umunota	umubare ntarengwa	umunota	umubare ntarengwa	D ≤ 168.33mm	D ＞ 168.3mm
GB/T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 ＜ 1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Kongeramo Nb\V\Ti hakurikijwe GB/T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215B	≤ 0.15	0.25-0.55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 ＜ 0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q235B	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q295B	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	>21
	Q345B	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	>21
GB/T9711-2011（PSL1）	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Urashobora kongeramo kimwe mu bintu bya Nb\V\Ti cyangwa ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose kivanze	175		310		27		Kimwe cyangwa bibiri by'ubukomere bw'ingufu z'ingaruka n'agace ko gukata bishobora guhitamo. Kuri L555, reba ibipimo ngenderwaho.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
API 5L (PSL 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Ku byuma byo mu rwego rwa B, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; ku byuma byo mu rwego rwa B, kongeramo Nb cyangwa V cyangwa ibivanze byabyo, na Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%.	172		310		（L0=50.8mm）Igomba kubarwa hakurikijwe formula ikurikira:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A:Agace k'icyitegererezo muri mm2 U: Ingufu nkeya zagenwe zo gukurura muri Mpa		Nta na kimwe cyangwa byombi, ingufu z'ingaruka n'agace ko gukataho imashini bikenerwa nk'igipimo cy'ubukomere.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	X46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	X56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	X65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Kimwe mu byiza by'ingenzi by'imiyoboro y'imyubakire ifite ibice bito ni ubudahangarwa bwayo bwiza bwo kwangirika. Iyo imiyoboro ya gaze karemano itwikiriwe munsi y'ubutaka, ihura n'ubushuhe, imiti ihumanya ubutaka n'ibindi bintu byangiza. Imiyoboro ya arc iri munsi y'ubutaka yagenewe cyane cyane kwihanganira ubu bushyuhe bukomeye bwo munsi y'ubutaka, bigatuma imiyoboro ya gaze karemano iramba kandi yizewe.

Uretse kurwanya ingese,imiyoboro y'imiterere ifite ibice bidafite aho biboshyebitanga imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bihebuje, bigatuma biba byiza gushyirwa munsi y'ubutaka. Imiterere y'iyi miyoboro itanga ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwikorera imizigo, bigatuma ishobora kwihanganira uburemere bw'ubutaka n'izindi mbaraga zo hanze idahungabanyije imiterere yayo. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu turere dufite imiterere y'ubutaka igoye, aho imiyoboro igomba kuba ishobora kwihanganira urujya n'uruza rw'ubutaka n'aho ituye.

Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro y’imyubakire y’ibice bidafite aho bibogamiye izwiho gukora ibintu byinshi bitandukanye no koroshya ikiguzi. Iza mu bunini n’ubugari butandukanye kandi ishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo ihuze n’ibikenewe byihariye by’imiyoboro y’imyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y’ubutaka. Ibi bigabanya gukenera ibindi bikoresho no gusudira, bigatuma ishyirwaho ryihuse kandi bigabanura ikiguzi rusange. Imiterere y’iyi miyoboro yoroheje kandi ituma ubwikorezi n’imicungire birushaho kuba byiza, birushaho kugira uruhare mu kuzigama amafaranga.

Ku bijyanye n'umutekano n'imikorere myiza yaimiyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y'ubutaka, guhitamo ibikoresho ni ingenzi cyane. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ifite ibice by'ubusa, cyane cyane imiyoboro y'amazi azunguruka, ihuza imbaraga, kuramba, kurwanya ingese no kugabanya ikiguzi, bigatuma iba myiza mu gutwara gazi karemano munsi y'ubutaka. Mu gushora imari mu miyoboro myiza yagenewe by'umwihariko ibikorwa byo munsi y'ubutaka, ibigo bicuruza gazi bishobora kwemeza ko ibikorwa remezo byabo bizakomeza kuba iby'ukuri kandi birambye mu gihe bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga no gusana mu gihe kirekire.

Muri make, imiyoboro y’imyubakire ifite ububobere igira uruhare runini mu kubaka imiyoboro ya gaze karemano yo munsi y’ubutaka. Irwanya ingese cyane, imbaraga zayo zidasanzwe ndetse n’uburyo ihendutse bwo kuyikoresha bituma iba amahitamo ya mbere mu mishinga yo gutwara gaze karemano. Mu guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gukoresha mu butaka, amasosiyete acuruza gaze karemano ashobora kubungabunga umutekano n’ubwizigirwa bw’ibikorwa remezo byayo, amaherezo bigafasha kugeza gaze karemano ku buryo bunoze ku bakoresha.