Igikorwa cyibigize imiti muri steel

1. Karuboni (C) .CARBON nikintu cyingenzi cya chimique kigira ingaruka kumyitwarire ikonje ya plastiki. Ibiri hejuru ya karubone, imbaraga zo hejuru yibyuma, nubukonje bwo hasi. Byaragaragaye ko kuri buri 0.1% byiyongera muri karubone, imbaraga zitanga zigera kuri 27.4mpa; imbaraga za tensile ziyongera hafi 58.8mpa; kandi urugero rwa kure rugabanuka nka 4.3%. Ibirimo bya karubone rero bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ikonje ya plastike ya steel.

2. Manganese (MN). Manganese yibasiwe n'icyuma mu ibyuma, cyane cyane kubw'icyuma. Manganese yifata nk'icuranvu ku ibyuma, bishobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi za sulfuru kuri steel. Hashyizweho sulfide ya manganese irashobora kunoza imikorere yo guca ibyuma. Manganese irashobora guteza imbere imbaraga za kanseri n'imbaraga zitanga ibyuma, bigabanya plastike ikonje, bitameze neza ku guhindura plastike ikonje. Ariko, Manganese afite ingaruka mbi ku mbaraga zo guhindura ingaruka ni hafi 1/4 cya karubone gusa. Kubwibyo, usibye ibisabwa byihariye, ibikubiyemo bya Manganese byibyuma bya karubone ntibigomba kurenga 0.9%.

3. Silicon (si). Silicon nigisibo cya deoxidizer mugihe cyibyuma. Iyo ibikubiye muri silicon muri stoel byiyongera 0.1%, imbaraga za tensile ziyongera hafi 13.7MPA. Iyo ibirimo bya silicon birenga 0.17% na karubone ni ndende, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kugabanuka kwa plastike ikonje. Kongera neza ibikubiye muri silicon ifitiye akamaro kubintu byuzuye byubatswe byibyuma, cyane cyane imipaka ya elastique, birashobora kandi kongera kurwanya ibyuma. Ariko, mugihe ibikubiye muri silicon mubyuma birenze 0.15%, ibitari ibyuma bikozwe vuba. Nubwo ibyuma byinshi bya silicon byashyizwemo, ntibizaroha kandi bigabanye imitungo ikonje ya plastike yicyuma. Kubwibyo, hiyongereyeho imbaraga nyinshi zisabwa kubicuruzwa, ibirimo silicon bigomba kugabanuka nkibishoboka bishoboka.

4. Sulfuru (s). Sulfure ni umwanda wangiza. Sulfuru ibyuma bizatandukanya ibice bya kristaline byicyuma bivuye kandi bitera impande. Kubaho kwa sufuru nabyo bitera kwangirika kwinshi ningese yicyuma. Kubwibyo, ibintu bya sulfuru bigomba kuba bitarenze 0.055%. Icyuma cyiza kigomba kuba munsi ya 0.04%.

5. Fosiforusi (p). Fosifori ifite akazi gakomeye no gutandukanya gukomeye mubyuma, byongera ubukonje bukonje bwibyuma kandi bigatuma ibyuma bikabasirwa nisulari ya acide. Fosiporus mu ibyuma izana kwangirika kubushobozi bukonje bwa plastiki kandi bigatera ibicuruzwa bivunika mugihe cyo gushushanya. Ibirimo bya fosifore muri steel bigomba kugenzurwa munsi ya 0.045%.

6. Izindi eys. Izindi eripo zidasanzwe muri stol ya karubone, nka chromium, Molybdenum na Nikel, bibaho nkimyanda, kandi ibiri bigira ingaruka cyane.