Kunoza imikorere n'ubuziranenge ni ingenzi mu nganda zikora ibintu biremereye zihora zitera imbere. Imwe mu ntambwe zikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira ryagaragaye mu myaka ya vuba aha ni ugusuka ibintu binini munsi y'amazi (DSAW). Iri koranabuhanga rigezweho ntiryongera gusa imiterere y'ibice bisutswe, ahubwo rinaroroshya inzira yo gukora, bigatuma rihindura ibintu ku nganda zikoresha ibikoresho biremereye.
Ishingiro rya DSAW ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora imashini zo gusudira nziza zifite inenge nke. Ubu buryo bukoresha imiyoboro ibiri itwikiriwe munsi y'urwego rw'amazi y'ibinyabutabire, ibi bikaba birinda ikigega cyo gusudira kwandura no gushonga. Umusaruro ni imashini isukura kandi ikomeye ishobora kwihanganira ubukana bw'ikoreshwa rikomeye mu gukora. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku bigo bikorainyubako ikonje ivanze n'ubukonjeibice bifite ububobere, nk'ibyavuzwe mu bipimo by'i Burayi mu miterere y'uruziga, kare cyangwa uruziga. Ibi bice ni ingenzi mu bikorwa bitandukanye, harimo ubwubatsi, ibikorwa remezo n'imashini ziremereye.
Uru ruganda ruherereye i Cangzhou, mu Ntara ya Hebei, rugaragaza neza ibyiza bya DSAW mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bikomeye. Rwashinzwe mu 1993, rufite ubuso bwa metero kare 350.000 kandi rufite umutungo wa miliyoni 680 z'amayuani. Rufite abakozi 680 bitanze, ni uruganda ruyoboye mu gukora ibice by'ubuso bifite imiterere myiza. Binyuze mu gushyira DSAW mu bikorwa byo gukora, uru ruganda rwongereye cyane imikorere n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa.
Imwe mu nyungu z'ingenzi za DSAW ni umuvuduko. Iyi gahunda yemerera umuvuduko wo gusudira wihuta kurusha uburyo gakondo, ibyo bigatuma igihe cyo gukora kigabanuka. Ubu buryo bwiza ni ingenzi mu nganda zikora akazi gakomeye aho igihe akenshi ari cyo cy'ingenzi. Mu kugabanya igihe cyo gusudira, abakora bashobora kongera umusaruro no guhaza ibyifuzo by'isoko rihanganye.
Byongeye kandi, ubuziranenge bwa DSAW bukomeza kuba hejuru buri gihe. Uburyo bwo gucukura arc bugabanya ibyago byo kugira inenge nko gupfundika no gushyiramo ibintu bishobora kwangiza imiterere y'umusaruro wa nyuma. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku bice by'imiterere bikonje byakozwe mu buryo buvanze, bigomba kuzuza amahame y'ubuziranenge akomeye kugira ngo bigenzure umutekano n'ubwizerwe bw'ikoreshwa ryabyo. Uruganda rwa Cangzhou rukoresha iri koranabuhanga kugira ngo rurebe ko ibicuruzwa byarwo bitanyuranyije n'amahame y'inganda gusa, ahubwo ko binarenze.
Uretse kunoza imikorere n'ubwiza, DSAW inafasha kuzigama ikiguzi. Iyo hari inenge nke, nta mpamvu yo kuvugurura ibintu iba nke, bivuze ko abakora ibicuruzwa bashobora gutanga umutungo mu buryo bwiza. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane ku musaruro munini, aho ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho n'abakozi ari ibintu by'ingenzi mu mafaranga akoreshwa mu musaruro muri rusange.
Uko inganda zikomeye zikomeza gukura, hagiye hakoreshwa ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gusudira nkaumugozi w'amazi urimo kabiri ushongeshejwebizagira uruhare runini mu gushyiraho ahazaza. Ibigo bishora imari muri iri koranabuhanga ntibizanoza gusa imikorere myiza ahubwo bizananoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa, bityo bibone umwanya wa mbere ku isoko rifite ipiganwa rikomeye.
Muri make, gusudira imigozi ibiri munsi y’amazi birimo guhindura inganda zikomeye binyuze mu kunoza imikorere n’ubwiza. Uru ruganda rwo mu Mujyi wa Cangzhou ni urugero rwiza rw’uburyo ikoranabuhanga rishobora kwinjiza neza mu bikorwa, rigatanga ibice by’imiterere y’ubuso bwiza kandi bihuye n’ibyo inganda zigezweho zikeneye. Mu gihe abakora baharanira kuba indashyikirwa, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka DSAW bizaba ingenzi kugira ngo rigere ku ntsinzi mu myaka iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-08-2025