Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane mu bihe bitandukanye nko mu miyoboro y'inkunga n'imiyoboro y'uburinganire. Cyane cyane iyo ikoreshejwe nk'umuyoboro w'inkunga, kubera ko ishobora gushyirwa mu gice cy'inkunga gikomeye, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bunini bw'igice cyose cy'icyuma. Ndetse no mu butaka bworoshye burenga metero 30, umuyoboro w'icyuma ushobora no kwinjizwa mu gice cy'inkunga gikomeye, kandi ubushobozi bwawo bwo kwinjizwa bushobora gukoreshwa neza. Muri rusange, ibintu by'ingenzi bigize imiyoboro y'ibyuma ni ibi bikurikira:
1. Ishobora kwihanganira ingaruka zikomeye. Uburyo bwo kwinjira no kwinjiramo ni bwiza cyane bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira imbaraga zikomeye zo gukubita. Iyo hari urwego rukomeye ruhishe mu rufatiro rufite ubugari buto n'umubare usanzwe wo kwinjiramo IV=30, rushobora kunyuramo neza. Rushobora kwinjira mu rundi ruhande rw'inkunga ikomeye hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu gishushanyo.
2. Ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gutwara. Kubera ko icyuma nk'igikoresho cy'ibanze cy'umuyoboro w'icyuma gifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gutwara bushobora kuboneka igihe cyose umuyoboro ushyizwe ku gikoresho gikomeye gishyigikira.
3. Ubudahangarwa bukomeye kandi burwanya imbaraga zo ku ruhande. Kubera ko imiyoboro y'icyuma ifite ubukana bukomeye bw'igice n'igihe kinini cyo guhangana n'ibihe byo kugonda, ishobora kwihanganira imbaraga zikomeye zo ku ruhande. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro minini ifite umurambararo munini kandi ifite inkuta nini ishobora no gukoreshwa. Kubwibyo, ishobora gukoreshwa cyane ku mabuye y'imbere, ku nkuta z'ibiraro no ku nkuta z'ibiraro kugira ngo itware imbaraga zo ku ruhande.
4. Guhindura imiterere y'icyuma neza cyane. Ubugari bw'urukuta rwa buri muyoboro umwe w'icyuma bushobora guhindurwa uko bikenewe, kandi umurambararo w'inyuma wujuje ibisabwa ku gishushanyo na wo ushobora gutoranywa uko bikenewe.
5. Uburebure bw'ikirundo biroroshye gukosora. Ibirundo byateguwe bishobora kugaragara ko ari birebire cyangwa bigufi iyo urwego rukora nk'urwego rushyigikira umutwe w'ikirundo rurimo kugabanuka. Kubera ko ibirundo by'imiyoboro y'icyuma bishobora gushongeshwa ku burebure cyangwa gukatwa ku burebure hakoreshejwe gazi, biroroshye guhindura uburebure bw'ikirundo, kugira ngo yubakwe neza.
6. Inkingi ni nziza kandi zikwiriye ubwubatsi bw'ingano ndende. Kubera ko imiyoboro y'icyuma yoroshye gukora inkingi zivanze, ibice by'ibirundo bifatanye, kandi imbaraga z'inkingi zingana n'iz'ibikoresho by'ibanze, bityo uburebure bw'aho bishyirwa bushobora kumenyekana.
7. Biroroshye kubihuza n'inyubako yo hejuru. Mu gusudira mbere imigozi y'icyuma ku gice cyo hejuru cy'ikirundo, ikirundo cy'imiyoboro y'icyuma gishobora guhuzwa byoroshye n'igice cyo hejuru cy'umupfundikizo na sima. Bishobora kandi guhuzwa neza n'inyubako yo hejuru, bityo bigatuma igice cyo hejuru n'icyo hasi bikora hamwe.
8. Gusohora ubutaka mu buryo buke mu gihe cyo kubushyira mu miyoboro. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ishobora gushyirwa mu mwobo, mu buryo bunyuranye, agace k'ubutaka busohokamo ni gato, kandi ubushobozi bwo kuyitwara bukaba buri hejuru. Hanyuma ifite ibi bikurikira:
a: Ingaruka z'ihungabana ku rufatiro rw'ibumba ni nto.
b: Nta ngaruka mbi zigira ku nyubako zegeranye (inyubako), kandi kubaka cyane imigozi bishobora gukorwa ahantu hato.
c: Ikwiriye cyane inyubako ndende, ishingiro ry'ibikoresho binini bya mekanike n'inyubako z'icyambu, n'ibindi, aho imitwaro minini ishyirwa mu duce duto.
d: Byoroshye gutwara no gupakira. Ikirundo cy'imiyoboro y'icyuma ni gito, bityo nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa n'ibyangiritse, kandi biroroshye gutwara no gupakira.
e: Kuzigama ikiguzi cy’ubuhanga no kugabanya igihe cyo kubaka. Kubera ko imiyoboro y’ibyuma ifite byinshi mu byavuzwe haruguru, iyo ibi bintu bishobora gukoreshwa mu mishinga nyayo, igihe cyo kubaka gishobora kugabanywa. Imiyoboro y’ibyuma ni yo ikwiriye cyane mu kubaka byihuse. Kubwibyo, inyungu zayo zose mu bukungu ni nyinshi, kandi mu buryo bunyuranye, ishobora kuzigama ikiguzi cy’ubuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-21-2022