Uko igikenewe cya peteroli na gaze ku isi gikomeza kwiyongera, ibikorwa remezo byo gushyigikira icyo gikenewe birushaho kuba ingenzi. Imiyoboro ya peteroli ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize iki gikorwa remezo, kikaba ari ingenzi mu gutwara uyu mutungo neza kandi wizewe. Ariko, ingaruka imiyoboro ya peteroli igira ku bidukikije ntizishobora kwirengagizwa. Muri iyi blog, turasuzuma imiterere ibiri y'imiyoboro ya peteroli, tugaragaza ibyiza by'ibikoresho bigezweho nk'umuyoboro wa X60 SSAW, tunasuzuma ibibazo by'ibidukikije bifitanye isano n'ikoreshwa ryabyo.
Umuyoboro w'amazi wa X60 SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) ni amahitamo akunzwe cyane mu kubaka imiyoboro ya peteroli bitewe n'imbaraga zayo no kuramba kwayo. Uru ruganda ruherereye i Cangzhou, mu Ntara ya Hebei, rukorwa n'ikigo cyashinzwe mu 1993 kandi rwagiye rukura vuba uko imyaka yagiye ihita. Iki kigo gifite ubuso bwa metero kare 350.000, gifite umutungo wa miliyoni 680 z'amanyarwanda, kandi gifite abakozi b'abahanga bagera kuri 680. Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'ubuhanga mu gukora imiyoboro y'ibyuma bizunguruka byiza bituma umuyoboro w'amazi wa X60 SSAW uba amahitamo yizewe yo gutwara peteroli na gaze mu ntera ndende.
Ariko, iyubakwa n'imikorere yaumuyoboro w'amavutabigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije. Kimwe mu bibazo by'ingenzi ni ibyago byo kwangirika kwa peteroli, bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku rusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu gace. Iyo umuyoboro wacitse, ushobora kurekura peteroli nyinshi mu bidukikije, bikangiza ubutaka n'amazi ndetse bikangiza inyamaswa zo mu gasozi. Ingaruka z'ayo mavuta zishobora kumara igihe kirekire, ntizigira ingaruka ku gace kazengurutse gusa ahubwo no ku rusobe rw'ibinyabuzima muri rusange.
Byongeye kandi, kubaka imiyoboro akenshi bisaba gukata ubutaka ku rwego runini, bishobora gutuma imiturire yangirika ndetse bigacikamo ibice. Uku kwangirika gushobora kubangamira ibimera n'inyamaswa byo mu gace runaka, cyane cyane mu duce twibasiwe n'ibiza nk'ibishanga n'amashyamba. Uburinganire hagati yo guhaza ikenerwa ry'ibikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze no kurengera ibidukikije ni ikibazo gikomeye.
Kugira ngo bagabanye izi ngaruka ku bidukikije, amasosiyete afite uruhare muriumuyoboroUbwubatsi n'imikorere birimo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n'imikorere bigezweho. Urugero, gukoresha umuyoboro wa X60 SSAW, uzwiho gukomera cyane no kudatwarwa n'ingufu, bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kuva amazi no gusuka. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bugezweho bwo kugenzura bushobora kubona ibibazo bishobora kubaho mu gihe nyacyo, bigatuma hafatwa ingamba zihuse zo gukumira kwangiza ibidukikije.
Byongeye kandi, amategeko agenga imiyoboro arimo arahinduka kugira ngo imishinga y’imiyoboro igenzurwe neza ku bidukikije mbere yuko imirimo yo kubaka itangira. Aya masuzuma afasha kumenya ingaruka zishobora kubaho no kugaragaza ingamba zo kugabanya kwangiza ibidukikije. Gukorana n’abaturage n’abafatanyabikorwa ni ingenzi cyane mu gukemura ibibazo no kongera umucyo mu gihe cyose cyo kubaka imiyoboro.
Muri make, nubwo ubusabe bwa peteroli na gaze bukomeje kwiyongera, ni ngombwa kumenya ingaruka imiyoboro ya peteroli igira ku bidukikije. Gukoresha ibikoresho bigezweho nk'imiyoboro ya X60 SSAW bishobora kunoza umutekano n'ubwizigirwa bw'iyi miyoboro, ariko ni ngombwa kandi gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zikomeye zo kurengera ibidukikije no gukorana n'abaturage. Mu kuringaniza ibikenewe mu ngufu no kubungabunga ibidukikije, dushobora gukora tugana ku hazaza harambye hubahiriza ibyo dukeneye mu ngufu ndetse n'isi dutuyeho.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-13-2025