Umuyoboro w'icyuma cya spiral Umuyoboro w'amazi yo munsi
Uwitekaumuyoboro w'amazi yo munsini umuyoboro wicyuma uzengurutswe nuburyo bwikora-bubiri-bwikubye kabiri-bwenge bwamazi arc gusudira.Umuyoboro wakozwe mu bishishwa by'ibyuma kandi usohoka mu bushyuhe buhoraho kugira ngo urambe kandi urambe.
Ibyingenzi Byumubiri na Shimi Ibyiza Byuma (GB / T3091-2008, GB / T9711-2011 na API Spec 5L) | ||||||||||||||
Bisanzwe | Icyiciro | Ibigize imiti (%) | Umutungo wa Tensile | Charpy (V notch) Ikizamini Cyingaruka | ||||||||||
c | Mn | p | s | Si | Ibindi | Imbaraga Zitanga (Mpa) | Imbaraga Zirenze (Mpa) | 0 L0 = 5.65 √ S0) min Ikigereranyo cyo Kurambura (%) | ||||||
max | max | max | max | max | min | max | min | max | D ≤ 168.33mm | D > 168.3mm | ||||
GB / T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 < 1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ongeraho Nb \ V \ Ti ukurikije GB / T1591-94 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||
Q215B | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 < 0,65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | > 26 | |||||
Q235B | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | > 26 | |||||
Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | > 23 | |||||
Q295B | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | > 23 | |||||
Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | > 21 | |||||
Q345B | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | > 21 | |||||
GB / T9711-2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Guhitamo wongeyeho kimwe mubintu bya Nb \ V \ Ti cyangwa icyaricyo cyose | 175 | 310 | 27 | Kimwe cyangwa bibiri byerekana ubukana bwingaruka zingaruka hamwe nogukata ahantu hashobora guhitamo.Kuri L555, reba ibisanzwe. | ||||
L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
API 5L (PSL 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Ku cyiciro cya B ibyuma, Nb + V ≤ 0.03%; ku byuma ≥ urwego B, guhitamo kongeramo Nb cyangwa V cyangwa guhuza kwabo, na Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 | 310 | (L0 = 50.8mm) kubarwa ukurikije formula ikurikira: e = 1944 · A0 .2 / U0 .0 A: Agace k'icyitegererezo muri mm2 U: Ntarengwa yerekana imbaraga zingana muri Mpa | Nta na kimwe cyangwa icyaricyo cyose cyangwa byombi byingufu zingaruka hamwe nogukata ahantu hasabwa nkigipimo cyo gukomera. | ||||
A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 207 | 331 | ||||||||
B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 241 | 414 | ||||||||
X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 414 | ||||||||
X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 317 | 434 | ||||||||
X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 359 | 455 | ||||||||
X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 386 | 490 | ||||||||
X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 414 | 517 | ||||||||
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 448 | 531 | ||||||||
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 483 | 565 |
Umuyoboro wubatswe hamwe nu muringoti uremeza ko ukomeye kandi udashobora guhangana n’umuvuduko, bigatuma uhitamo neza sisitemu y’amazi yo munsi.
Usibye imbaraga nigihe kirekire, imiyoboro y'amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka yagenewe koroshya kwishyiriraho.Ubwubatsi bwa spiral bwubatswe buroroshye kandi burahinduka, butanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyobora no guhagarara no mubutaka bugoye.Ibi bivuze ko ushobora gushyira imiyoboro vuba kandi neza, uzigama igihe nigiciro cyakazi.
Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gusudira byemeza ko imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu nsi irwanya cyane ruswa.Ibi bivuze ko izakomeza ubusugire bwayo n'imikorere mumyaka, ndetse no mubihe bibi byo munsi y'ubutaka.
Imiyoboro y'amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka iraboneka mubunini butandukanye kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byumushinga wawe.Waba ushyira amazi make murugo cyangwa sisitemu nini yinganda, dufite umuyoboro mwiza kuri wewe.Itsinda ryinzobere ryacu rirashobora kandi gutanga inama hamwe ninkunga igufasha kugufasha guhitamo imiyoboro ijyanye nibyo usabwa.
Iyo bigeze kuri sisitemu y'amazi yo munsi, ukenera umuyoboro ushobora kwizera.Hamwe nubwubatsi bugezweho bwubatswe, ibikoresho byiza hamwe no gusudira abahanga, imiyoboro y'amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka nibyiza kumurongo uwo ariwo wose utanga amazi.Kuramba, kwizewe kandi byoroshye gushiraho, iyi miyoboro izahagarara mugihe cyigihe, iguhe amahoro yumutima nibikorwa byiza.
Muri byose, imiyoboro ya spiral ni amahitamo meza kubantu bose bakeneye igisubizo cyiza-cyiza, cyizewe, kandi kirambye.Hamwe niterambere ryayo ryubaka kandi ryumwugagusudira ibyuma, umuyoboro utanga imbaraga ntagereranywa, guhinduka no kurwanya ruswa.Ntugahungabanye ku bwiza bwa sisitemu y'amazi yo mu butaka - hitamo imiyoboro y'amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka nk'igisubizo ushobora kwizera.