Imiyoboro ihendutse kandi ndende

Amashanyarazi meza kandi maremare maremare yimyanda iranga Ishusho

Ibisobanuro bigufi:

Nka nkingi yingenzi yimyanda itwara amazi n’ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara amazi, imiyoboro yacu ikozwe neza kugirango tumenye neza kandi neza. Waba ushaka kuzamura sisitemu ihari cyangwa kubaka bundi bushya, imiyoboro yacu ihendutse kandi iramba ni nziza kumushinga uwo ariwo wose.

Ohereza imeri kuri twe

Ibicuruzwa birambuye

Ibicuruzwa

Kumenyekanisha imiyoboro ihendutse, iramba: igisubizo cyibanze kumyanda yawe hamwe nogutwara amazi mabi. Uruganda rwacu rugezweho i Cangzhou, mu Ntara ya Hebei rutanga umuyoboro w’icyuma wo mu rwego rwo hejuru wudodo w’icyuma kuva mu 1993. Ikigo cya metero kare 350.000 gifite ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho hamwe n’abakozi 680 bafite ubumenyi kugira ngo ibicuruzwa dutanga byujuje ubuziranenge bw’inganda.

Imiyoboro yacu isudira ibyuma itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi biramba, bigatuma iba ikintu cyingenzi mukubaka no gufata neza imiyoboro y'amazi. Yashizweho kugira ngo ihangane n'ibidukikije bikaze, iyi miyoboro irizewe kandi ihendutse, itanga igisubizo cyiza ku makomine naba rwiyemezamirimo. Hamwe n'umutungo wose ufite agaciro ka miliyoni 680 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda, ibyo twiyemeje guhanga udushya no kuba indashyikirwa bituma ibicuruzwa byacu biramba kandi neza.

Nka nkingi yingenzi yimyanda itwara amazi n’ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara amazi, imiyoboro yacu ikozwe neza kugirango tumenye neza kandi neza. Waba ushaka kuzamura sisitemu ihari cyangwa kubaka sisitemu nshya, ihendutse kandi irambaimiyoboro y'amazini byiza kumushinga uwo ariwo wose.

Kugaragaza ibicuruzwa

Amazina yo hanze		Amazina y'urukuta rw'izina (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Uburemere kuri buri burebure （kg / m）
219.1	8-5 / 8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3 / 4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3 / 4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
（325）		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
（377.0）		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
（426.0）		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
（478.0）		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
（529.0）		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
（630.0）		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
（720.0）		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
（820.0）		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
（920.0）				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
20 1020.0）				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
（1220.0）				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
（1420.0）						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
（1620.0）						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
20 1820.0）						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
（2020.0）										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
（2220.0）										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
（2420.0）												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
40 2540.0）	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
（2845.0）	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Ibyiza byibicuruzwa

1. Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi zumuyoboro wicyuma uzunguruka ni ubushobozi bwayo. Ntabwo iyi miyoboro ifite ubukungu gusa, ahubwo itanga nigihe kirekire kidasanzwe, bigatuma iba igisubizo kirambye cyo gutwara imyanda n’amazi mabi.

2. Kubaka kwabo gukomeye byemeza ko bashobora guhangana n’imiterere mibi ikunze kugaragara muri sisitemu y’imyanda, bikagabanya gukenera gusimburwa no gusanwa kenshi.

3. Uku kuramba bisobanura amafaranga make yo kubungabunga igihe, bigatuma bahitamo amakomine namasosiyete yubwubatsi kimwe.

Ibura ry'ibicuruzwa

1. Gahunda yambere yo kwishyiriraho irashobora kuba myinshi cyane kandi irashobora gusaba ibikoresho kabuhariwe, bishobora kuvamo ibiciro byimbere.

2.Mu gihe iyi miyoboro idashobora kwangirika, irashobora kwanduzwa nibintu bimwe na bimwe bidukikije, bishobora kugira ingaruka kumibereho yabo mubihe bimwe.

Gusaba

Guhitamo ibikoresho nibyingenzi mugihe cyo kubaka no kubungabunga sisitemu yimyanda. Iyo bigeze kumiyoboro ihendutse kandi iramba, umuyoboro wicyuma usudira nicyuma cyambere. Ntabwo iyi miyoboro ifite ubukungu gusa ahubwo inatanga igihe kirekire kidasanzwe, bigatuma iba igice cyingenzi cyibikorwa remezo byo gutwara imyanda n’amazi mabi.

Umuyoboro w'icyuma usudirazakozwe kugirango zihangane n’ibidukikije bikaze, zemeza ko zishobora kuzuza ibisabwa na sisitemu y’imyanda mu gihe kirekire. Ubwubatsi bwabo bukomeye butanga igisubizo cyizewe kumijyi namasosiyete yubwubatsi ashaka gushora imari mubikorwa remezo biramba. Nkuko hakenewe uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga imyanda ikomeje kwiyongera, ni nako hakenerwa imiyoboro ihanitse y’imyanda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, hamwe n’imiyoboro y'ibyuma isudira izunguruka iri ku isonga ry’iri soko.

Ibibazo

Q1: Umuyoboro w'icyuma usudira ni iki?

Imiyoboro y'icyuma isudira ikozwe mu buryo bwo gusudira imirongo y'ibyuma hamwe, bikavamo imiterere ikomeye kandi iramba. Ubu buryo bwo kubaka butuma imiyoboro ishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe n’ibidukikije bikaze, bigatuma biba byiza mu gukoresha imyanda. Imibereho yabo miremire isobanura gusimburwa no gusana bike, amaherezo bikabika amafaranga mugihe kirekire.

Q2: Kuki uhitamo imiyoboro ihendutse kandi iramba?

Gushora imari mu miyoboro ihendutse kandi iramba ni ngombwa kubikorwa byose byubaka. Kuramba kw'imiyoboro y'icyuma isudira bivuze ko ishobora kwihanganira ikibazo cyo gutwara imyanda itarinze kwambara. Uku kwizerwa bisobanura guhagarika bike no kubungabunga ibiciro, bikavamo sisitemu ikora neza.