Imiyoboro y'amazi y'isuku ihendutse kandi iramba

Imiyoboro y'amazi ihendutse kandi iramba Ishusho yagaragaye

Ibisobanuro bigufi:

Nk’inkingi y’ingenzi y’ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara imyanda n’amazi mabi, imiyoboro yacu yakozwe neza kugira ngo ishyirwemo neza kandi ikore neza. Waba ushaka kuvugurura sisitemu isanzweho cyangwa kubaka indi nshya, imiyoboro yacu ihendutse kandi iramba ni nziza ku mushinga uwo ari wo wose.

Ohereza imeri kuri twe

Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gicuruzwa

Ibirango by'ibicuruzwa

Tubagezaho imiyoboro yacu y'amazi ihendutse kandi iramba: igisubizo cy'ibanze ku byo ukeneye mu gutwara imyanda n'amazi mabi. Uruganda rwacu rugezweho ruri i Cangzhou, mu Ntara ya Hebei rukora imiyoboro y'icyuma ifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru kuva mu 1993. Ikigo cyacu gifite metero kare 350.000 gifite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'abakozi 680 b'abahanga kugira ngo barebe ko ibicuruzwa dutanga byujuje ibisabwa mu nganda.

Imiyoboro yacu y'icyuma ikoze mu buryo bw'uruziga itanga imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bidasanzwe, bigatuma iba ingenzi mu kubaka no kubungabunga imiyoboro y'amazi mabi. Yagenewe kwihanganira ibidukikije bikomeye, iyi miyoboro ni yizewe kandi ihendutse, itanga igisubizo gihendutse ku baturage n'abayikorera. Dufite agaciro ka miliyoni 680 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda, kandi twiyemeje guhanga udushya no kuba indashyikirwa mu guhanga udushya, bituma ibicuruzwa byacu biramba kandi binoze.

Nk'inkingi y'ingenzi y'ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara imyanda n'amazi mabi, imiyoboro yacu yakozwe neza kugira ngo ishyirwemo neza kandi ikore neza. Waba ushaka kuvugurura sisitemu isanzweho cyangwa kubaka nshya, ihendutse kandi iramba.imiyoboro y'amazi y'imiyoboro y'amazini byiza ku mushinga uwo ari wo wose.

Ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa

Ingano y'umurambararo wo hanze		Ubunini bw'urukuta (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Uburemere kuri buri gice Uburebure (kg/m2)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Akamaro k'ibicuruzwa

1. Imwe mu nyungu z'ingenzi z'imiyoboro y'icyuma ikoze mu buryo bwa spiral ni uko ihendutse. Iyi miyoboro ntabwo ihendutse gusa, ahubwo inaramba cyane, bigatuma iba igisubizo cy'igihe kirekire cyo gutwara imyanda n'amazi mabi.

2. Imiterere yazo ikomeye ituma zishobora kwihanganira imimerere mibi ikunze kugaragara mu miyoboro y’amazi mabi, bigabanura gukenera gusimburwa no gusanwa kenshi.

3. Uku kuramba bivuze ko ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga kigabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita, bigatuma ziba amahitamo akunzwe n'abaturage bo mu turere ndetse n'ibigo by'ubwubatsi.

Ibura ry'ibicuruzwa

1. Uburyo bwo gutangiza umushinga bwa mbere bushobora gukenera abakozi benshi kandi bushobora gusaba ibikoresho byihariye, bishobora gutuma ikiguzi cyo gutangira cyiyongereye.

2.Nubwo iyi miyoboro idashobora kwangirika, ishobora kwangirika bitewe n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe bidukikije, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwayo mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Porogaramu

Guhitamo ibikoresho ni ingenzi cyane mu kubaka no kubungabunga sisitemu z'imyanda. Ku bijyanye n'imiyoboro y'imyanda ihendutse kandi iramba, imiyoboro y'icyuma ikoze mu cyuma ni yo ihitamo rikomeye. Iyi miyoboro ntabwo ihendutse gusa ahubwo inaramba cyane, bigatuma iba igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara imyanda n'amazi mabi.

Umuyoboro w'icyuma uhujwe n'uruzigabyakozwe mu buryo bwo kwihanganira ibidukikije bikomeye, bigamije guhaza ibyifuzo by'imyanda mu gihe kirekire. Inyubako zabo zikomeye zitanga igisubizo cyizewe ku mijyi n'ibigo by'ubwubatsi bishaka gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo birambye. Uko gukenera uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga imyanda bikomeje kwiyongera, ni nako gukenera imiyoboro y'amazi meza, n'imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwuka biri ku isonga muri iri soko.

umuyoboro ushongeshejwe ku buryo bw'uruziga

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Q1: Umuyoboro w'icyuma uhujwe n'uruziga ni iki?

Imiyoboro y'icyuma ikozwe mu buryo bwo guhuza ibyuma, bigatuma imiterere yayo ikomera kandi iramba. Ubu buryo bwo kubaka butuma imiyoboro ishobora kwihanganira imbaraga nyinshi n'ibidukikije bikomeye, bigatuma iba myiza cyane mu gukoresha imyanda. Igihe kirekire ikoreshwa bivuze ko idashobora gusimburwa no gusanwa, ibyo bigatuma uzigama amafaranga mu gihe kirekire.

Q2: Kuki uhitamo imiyoboro y'amazi mabi ihendutse kandi iramba?

Gushora imari mu miyoboro y'amazi ihendutse kandi iramba ni ingenzi ku mushinga uwo ari wo wose w'ubwubatsi. Kuba imiyoboro y'ibyuma iramba bivuze ko ishobora kwihanganira ubukana bw'ubwikorezi bw'amazi idafite ikibazo cyo kwangirika. Uku kwizerwa bivuze ko hagabanuka inzitizi n'ikiguzi cyo kuyisana, bigatuma sisitemu y'amazi ikora neza kurushaho.