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    Umuyoboro wo mu rwego rwohejuru Umuyoboro wumukara utunganijwe neza

    Ubwiza Bwiza Bwicyuma Cyuma Cyuzuye Cyuzuye Kumiyoboro Yerekanwe
    • Umuyoboro wo mu rwego rwohejuru Umuyoboro wumukara utunganijwe neza

    Ibisobanuro bigufi:

    Hamwe nabakozi 680 bafite ubuhanga, turashoboye gukora ibicuruzwa binini mugihe dukomeza ubuziranenge abakiriya bacu bategereje. Imiyoboro yacu yumukara wo murwego rwohejuru itanga imikorere myiza, iramba kandi ni amahitamo yubukungu kubasezerana naba injeniyeri.


    Ibicuruzwa birambuye

    Ibicuruzwa

    Kumenyekanisha ibyuma byumukara byujuje ubuziranenge, igisubizo cyiza kubyo ukeneye byose. Yakozwe mu ruganda rwacu rugezweho i Cangzhou, Intara ya Hebei, twabaye izina ryizewe mu nganda kuva mu 1993. Dufite ubuso bwa metero kare 350.000 hamwe n’umutungo wose wa miliyoni 680, twishimiye ko twiyemeje guharanira ubuziranenge no guhanga udushya.

    Imiyoboro yacu yo gusudira ibyuma irazwi cyane kubera kwizerwa no kuramba, bigatuma iba nziza mubikorwa bitandukanye birimo gutwara peteroli na gaze, ibirundo by'ibyuma hamwe n'ibiraro. Buri muyoboro wakozwe neza kugirango urebe ko wujuje ubuziranenge bwo mu nganda. Uburyo budasanzwe bwo gusudira buzamura imbaraga nubusugire bwumuyoboro, bikabasha kwihanganira ubukana bwibidukikije bisaba.

    Waba ushaka gutwara neza peteroli na gaze cyangwa ukeneye urwego rukomeye rwo gushyigikira umushinga wubwubatsi, uwacuumuyoboro w'icyumani ihitamo ryiza kuri wewe. Wizere ubuhanga n'uburambe bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisobanuro byawe kandi birenze ibyo witeze.

    Kugaragaza ibicuruzwa

     

    Amazina yo hanze Amazina y'urukuta rw'izina (mm)
    mm In 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 22.0
    Uburemere kuri buri burebure （kg / m）
    219.1 8-5 / 8 31.53 36.61 41.65                      
    273.1 10-3 / 4 39.52 45.94 52.30                      
    323.9 12-3 / 4 47.04 54.71 62.32 69.89 77.41                  
    （325）   47.20 54.90 62.54 70.14 77.68                  
    355.6 14 51.73 60.18 68.58 76.93 85.23                  
    （377.0）   54.89 63.87 72.80 81.67 90.50                  
    406.4 16 59.25 68.95 78.60 88.20 97.76 107.26 116.72              
    （426.0）   62.14 72.33 82.46 92.55 102.59 112.58 122.51              
    457 18 66.73 77.68 88.58 99.44 110.24 120.99 131.69              
    （478.0）   69.84 81.30 92.72 104.09 115.41 126.69 137.90              
    508.0 20 74.28 86.49 98.65 110.75 122.81 134.82 146.79 158.69 170.56          
    （529.0）   77.38 90.11 102.78 115.40 127.99 140.52 152.99 165.43 177.80          
    559.0 22 81.82 95.29 108.70 122.07 135.38 148.65 161.88 175.04 188.17          
    610.0 24 89.37 104.10 118.77 133.39 147.97 162.48 176.97 191.40 205.78          
    （630.0）   92.33 107.54 122.71 137.83 152.90 167.92 182.89 197.81 212.68          
    660.0 26 96.77 112.73 128.63 144.48 160.30 176.05 191.77 207.43 223.04          
    711.0 28 104.32 121.53 138.70 155.81 172.88 189.89 206.86 223.78 240.65 257.47 274.24      
    （720.0）   105.65 123.09 140.47 157.81 175.10 192.34 209.52 226.66 243.75 260.80 277.79      
    762.0 30 111.86 130.34 148.76 167.13 185.45 203.73 211.95 240.13 258.26 276.33 294.36      
    813.0 32 119.41 139.14 158.82 178.45 198.03 217.56 237.05 256.48 275.86 295.20 314.48      
    （820.0）   120.45 140.35 160.20 180.00 199.76 219.46 239.12 258.72 278.28 297.79 317.25      
    864.0 34   147.94 168.88 189.77 210.61 231.40 252.14 272.83 293.47 314.06 334.61      
    914.0 36     178.75 200.87 222.94 244.96 266.94 288.86 310.73 332.56 354.34      
    （920.0）       179.93 202.20 224.42 246.59 286.70 290.78 312.79 334.78 356.68      
    965.0 38     188.81 212.19 235.52 258.80 282.03 305.21 328.34 351.43 374.46      
    1016.0 40     198.87 223.51 248.09 272.63 297.12 321.56 345.95 370.29 394.58 443.02    
    20 1020.0）       199.66 224.39 249.08 273.72 298.31 322.84 347.33 371.77 396.16 444.77    
    1067.0 42     208.93 234.83 260.67 286.47 312.21 337.91 363.56 389.16 414.71 465.66    
    118.0 44     218.99 246.15 273.25 300.30 327.31 354.26 381.17 408.02 343.83 488.30    
    1168.0 46     228.86 257.24 285.58 313.87 342.10 370.29 398.43 426.52 454.56 510.49    
    1219.0 48     238.92 268.56 298.16 327.70 357.20 386.64 416.04 445.39 474.68 553.13    
    （1220.0）       239.12 268.78 198.40 327.97 357.49 386.96 146.38 445.76 475.08 533.58    
    1321.0 52       291.20 323.31 327.97 387.38 449.34 451.26 483.12 514.93 578.41    
    （1420.0）           347.72 355.37 416.66 451.08 485.41 519.74 553.96 622.32 690.52  
    1422.0 56         348.22 382.23 417.27 451.72 486.13 520.48 554.97 623.25 691.51 759.58
    1524.0 60         373.38 410.44 447.46 484.43 521.34 558.21 595.03 688.52 741.82 814.91
    （1620.0）           397.03 436.48 457.84 515.20 554.46 593.73 623.87 711.11 789.12 867.00
    1626.0 64         398.53 438.11 477.64 517.13 556.56 595.95 635.28 713.80 792.13 870.26
    1727.0 68         423.44 465.51 507.53 549.51 591.43 633.31 675.13 758.64 841.94 925.05
    20 1820.0）           446.37 492.74 535.06 579.32 623.50 667.71 711.79 799.92 887.81 975.51
    1829.0 72           493.18     626.65 671.04 714.20 803.92 890.77 980.39
    1930.0 76                 661.52 708.40 755.23 848.75 942.07 1035.19
    （2020.0）                   692.60 741.69 790.75 888.70 986.41 1084.02
    2032.0 80                 696.74 746.13 795.48 894.03 992.38 1090.53
    （2220.0）                   761.65 815.68 869.66 977.50 1085.80 1192.53
    （2420.0）                       948.58 1066.26 1183.75 1301.04
    40 2540.0） 100                     995.93 1119.53 1242.94 1366.15
    （2845.0） 112                     1116.28 1254.93 1393.37 1531.63

    Ibyiza byibicuruzwa

    Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi byumuyoboro wicyuma cyumukara nimbaraga zacyo. Uyu muyoboro wakozwe mubyuma byoroheje, birakomeye kandi biramba, birashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe. Iyi ngingo ifite akamaro kanini mubikorwa bya peteroli na gaze, aho gutwara amazi bisaba ibisubizo byizewe kandi bikomeye. Byongeye kandi, niba bisizwe neza, umuyoboro wicyuma wumukara urashobora kwihanganira ruswa kandi ukwiranye nibidukikije bitandukanye.

    Iyindi nyungu igaragara nigikorwa cyiza. Umuyoboro wicyuma wumukara akenshi uhenze cyane kuruta ibindi bikoresho nkibyuma bitagira umwanda, bigatuma uhitamo neza imishinga minini. Ubujurire bwarwo bwongerewe imbaraga nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga, bushobora kurangiza imishinga vuba no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi.

    Ibura ry'ibicuruzwa

    Ikibazo kimwe kigaragara ni uko gishobora kubora byoroshye kandi bikangirika niba bidakingiwe neza. Ibi birashobora gutera sisitemu kumeneka no kunanirwa, cyane cyane mubidukikije cyangwa amazi. Byongeye kandi, umuyoboro wicyuma wumukara ntukwiriye gutanga amazi yo kunywa kuko ashobora gutemba ibintu byangiza.

    Gusaba

    Umuyoboro wicyuma wirabura wabaye urufatiro rwibikorwa bitandukanye byinganda, cyane cyane mubijyanye no gutwara peteroli na gaze. Imiterere yacyo ikomeye kandi yizewe ituma biba byiza cyane byumuvuduko ukabije wamazi no gutwara gaze. Kimwe mu bicuruzwa bizwi cyane muri iki cyiciro ni umuyoboro w’icyuma usudira, uzwi cyane kuramba n'imbaraga.

    Yashizweho kugirango ihangane n’ibidukikije bikaze, imiyoboro y'icyuma isudira ni cyo cyifuzo cyo gutwara peteroli na gaze. Iyi miyoboro ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa murwego rwingufu, ahubwo inakoreshwa mubirundo byibyuma hamwe nibiraro byikiraro, byerekana byinshi. Ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe ryo gusudira ryongera uburinganire bwimiterere yumuyoboro, bikemerera kwihanganira imizigo minini no kurwanya ruswa, ari ingenzi kumikorere y'igihe kirekire.

    Umuyoboro wicyuma wumukara, cyane cyane gusudiraumuyoboro w'icyuma, igira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye kuva gutwara peteroli na gaze kugeza imishinga yubwubatsi. Isosiyete yacu inararibonye kandi yiyemeje ubuziranenge iremeza ko dukomeza kuba umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu nganda, dutanga ibisubizo bihura nigihe cyigihe.

    Umuyoboro udasanzwe
    Umuyoboro wa SSAW

    Ibibazo

    Q1: Umuyoboro wibyuma ni iki?

    Umuyoboro wicyuma wumukara numuyoboro wicyuma udafunze hamwe na matte yijimye. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutwara gaze n'amazi, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa. Kuramba kwayo n'imbaraga zayo bituma biba byiza mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo ibirundo by'ibyuma hamwe n'ibiraro.

    Q2: Umuyoboro w'icyuma usudira ni iki?

    Umuyoboro wo gusudira wicyuma ni ubwoko bwihariye bwumuyoboro wicyuma wumukara wakozwe no gusudira kuzunguruka imirongo yibyuma. Ubu buryo bushobora kubyara diameter nini nu miyoboro yimbitse ikwiranye n’umuvuduko mwinshi mu nganda za peteroli na gaze. Kwizerwa no kuramba bituma bahitamo bwa mbere ba injeniyeri benshi naba rwiyemezamirimo.

    Q3: Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kubyerekeye umuyoboro wibyuma?

    1.Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha imiyoboro yumukara?
    Umuyoboro wicyuma wirabura uzwiho imbaraga, kurwanya ruswa, hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bigatuma uhitamo neza kubikorwa bitandukanye.

    2. Imiyoboro yicyuma cyirabura irashobora gukoreshwa mugutwara amazi yo kunywa?
    Mugihe umuyoboro wicyuma wumukara usanzwe ukoreshwa mugutwara gaze namazi, ntabwo byemewe kumazi yo kunywa kubera ubushobozi bwo kubora no kwangirika.

    3. Nigute ushobora guhitamo ubunini bukwiye bwicyuma cyumukara?
    Ingano ya pipe ukeneye biterwa nibisabwa byihariye byumushinga wawe, harimo umuvuduko nigitutu. Kugisha inama umunyamwuga birashobora kugufasha guhitamo neza.

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