Imiyoboro y'amazi ni igice cy'ibikorwa remezo by'umujyi, ishinzwe gutwara amazi mabi n'imyanda kure y'amazu n'ubucuruzi. Ariko, kimwe nubundi buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, burashobora guhura nibibazo bitandukanye bishobora kuganisha ku gusana bihenze no guhungabana. Gusobanukirwa nibi bibazo bisanzwe no gushyira mubikorwa gahunda yo kubungabunga bisanzwe birashobora gufasha kuramba no gukora neza sisitemu yawe.
Kimwe mubibazo bikunze kugaragara hamweumwandani akajagari. Gufunga bishobora guterwa namavuta, umusatsi, isabune, nindi myanda yubaka mugihe. Kugenzura buri gihe no gusukura imirongo yimyanda irashobora gufasha gukumira inzitizi. Ba nyir'amazu barashobora gutera intambwe igaragara bakoresheje imiyoboro y'amazi kandi bakirinda gusuka ibintu bidashobora kwangirika kumugezi.
Ikindi kibazo gikunze kugaragara ni ruswa. Igihe kirenze, imiyoboro yimyanda yangirika bitewe nubushakashatsi bwimiti hamwe namazi yanduye batwara. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane kumiyoboro ishaje ikozwe mubikoresho bitaramba kurenza ubundi buryo bugezweho. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, amakomine menshi n’amasosiyete y’ubwubatsi bahindukirira umuyoboro w’icyuma uzunguruka, uzwiho imbaraga n’igihe kirekire. Iyi miyoboro ikora urufatiro rwibikorwa remezo bikora neza kandi byizewe hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara amazi y’amazi, byemeza ko sisitemu izahagarara ikizamini cyigihe.
Usibye guhagarika no kwangirika, kwinjiza imizi yibiti nikibazo kinini kuriimiyoboro y'amazi. Imizi iva mu biti byegeranye irashobora kwinjira mu miyoboro, bigatera gucika no guhagarara. Igenzura risanzwe rirashobora gufasha gukemura ibibazo bishobora kuba bibi. Niba ubona ko imizi yibiti ari ikibazo, urashobora gukoresha serivise yumwuga kugirango uyikureho kandi usane ibyangiritse.
Kubungabunga inzira ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde ibyo bibazo bisanzwe. Ba nyir'amazu bagomba gutekereza gushyira mubikorwa gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura kugirango barebe niba imyanda, impumuro, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo gutinda buhoro. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha isuku ishingiye kuri enzyme irashobora gufasha kumena ibintu kama mumiyoboro, bikagabanya ibyago byo gufunga.
Ku bagize uruhare mu kubaka no gufata neza sisitemu y’imyanda, ni ngombwa kandi gusobanukirwa ibikoresho byakoreshejwe. Uru ruganda ruherereye i Cangzhou, mu Ntara ya Hebei, rwagize uruhare runini mu nganda kuva rwashingwa mu 1993. Ubuso bungana na metero kare 350.000, umutungo wose w’amafaranga miliyoni 680 n’abakozi bafite ubumenyi 680, isosiyete yiyemeje gukora imiyoboro y’icyuma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru izunguruka. Iyi miyoboro ntabwo ikomeye gusa, ahubwo yanashizweho kugirango ihangane n’imiterere mibi ikunze kuboneka muri sisitemu yimyanda.
Muri make, gusobanukirwa nibibazo bisanzwe bifitanye isano nu miyoboro yimyanda no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zisanzwe zo kubungabunga bishobora kongera imikorere nubuzima bwa sisitemu yimyanda. Ukoresheje ibikoresho biramba nkumuyoboro wicyuma uzunguruka, amakomine namasosiyete yubwubatsi birashobora kwemeza ko ibikorwa remezo bikomeza kwizerwa kandi neza. Kugenzura buri gihe, gukora isuku igaragara, no kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka ni urufunguzo rwo kubungabunga sisitemu nziza. Waba uri nyirurugo cyangwa umunyamwuga murwego, gufata izi ntambwe birashobora kugufasha gukumira gusana bihenze kandi ibikorwa remezo byumwanda wawe bigenda neza mumyaka iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-23-2025