Icyuma gisubukura ibyuma cya gaze munsi yubutaka

Kumenyekanisha:

Imiyoboro ya gaze yo munsi yubutaka igira uruhare runini mugutanga iyi mikoro y'agaciro kumazu, ubucuruzi ninganda. Kugirango umutekano nibikorwa neza byizi miyoboro, nibyingenzi kugirango ukoreshe ibikoresho byiza no gusudira mugihe cyo kubaka. Tuzasesengura akamaro ko gusebanya ibyuma bisuye hamwe n'akamaro ko gukurikiza inzira nziza yo gusudira iyo dukoranaUmuyoboro wa gazi karemano.

Umuyoboro usukuye

Umuyoboro ususurutsa usutswe uzwi cyane mu kubaka imiyoboro ya gaze munsi yubutaka kubera imbaraga zayo zisa nazo. Iyi miyoboro ikorerwa no kunana umurongo ukomeza ibyuma hanyuma uyisunishyi ku nyanja. Igisubizo ni imiyoboro ikomeye, ifunze ihuriweho n'igikorwa gishobora kwihanganira imikazo y'ingenzi kandi ihuza n'ingendo z'ubutaka. Iyi miterere idasanzwe ikoraIcyuma gisukuyeNibyiza kubinyamisogwe byubutaka aho hantu harushijeho gushikama.

Umutungo wa mashini

Ibigize imiti

Ikizamini cya Hydrostatic

Buri burebure bwa pipe ruzageragezwa nuwabikoze kumuvuduko wa hydrostatike uzabyara urukuta rwa pipe stlet stross ntabwo ari munsi ya 60% yimbaraga zagenwe kubushyuhe bwicyumba. Umuvuduko ugomba kugenwa n'igereranya rikurikira:
P = 2st / d

Itandukaniro riremewe muburyo burebire kandi bukoreshwa

Buri burebure bw'umuyoboro bugomba gupimwa ukundi kandi uburemere bwayo ntibushobora gutandukana inshuro zirenga 10% cyangwa 5.5% mu buremere bwayo bwa kiriyaya, kubarwa ukoresheje uburebure bwayo n'uburemere bwayo.
Diameter yo hanze ntishobora gutandukana kurenza ± 1% uhereye kumurongo wasobanuwe hanze.
Ubunini bw'urukuta umwanya uwariwo wose ntibushobora kurenga 12.5% ​​munsi yurukuta rwagenwe.

Uburebure

Uburebure bumwe: 16 kugeza kuri 25 (4.88 kugeza 7.62m)
Uburebure bubiri: hejuru ya metero 25ft (7.62 kugeza 10.67m)
Uburebure bumwe: Itandukaniro ryemewe ± 1in

Iherezo

Pie ibirundo bigomba guhanara birangira, kandi abari mu ntego bazavaho
Iyo umuyoboro urangiye ugaragazwa no kuba urwenya urangira, inguni igomba kuba impamyabumenyi 30 kugeza 35

Imiyoboro yo gusudira

BikwiyeUburyo bwo gusudirani ingenzi ku kuramba n'umutekano by'imiyoboro ya gaze munsi y'ubutaka. Hano hari ibintu bike byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma:

1. Impamyabumenyi ya Welde:Abakuru babishoboye kandi bafite uburambe bagomba guhabwa akazi, kubungabunga bafite ibyemezo nubuhanga bwo gukemura uburyo bwo gusudira busabwa kubikoresho bisanzwe. Ibi bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo gusudira inenge hamwe nabashobora kumeneka.

2. Gutegura no gukora isuku:Gutegura guhuriza hamwe ni ngombwa mbere yo gusudira. Ibi birimo gukuraho umwanda uwo ari we wese, imyanda cyangwa umwanda bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubunyangamugayo bwasutswe. Byongeye kandi, ugabanye impande zose zifasha gukora urusaku rusuye.

3. Uburyo bwo gusudira n'ibipimo:Uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira kandi ibipimo bigomba gukurikizwa kugirango babone isudi nziza. Inzira yo gusudira igomba gusuzuma ibintu nkumugezi wa pipe, umwanya wo gusudira, ibigize gaze, nibindi birashya kugirango bishyirwe mubwiza (gmaw) kugirango birerwe bihamye kandi bigabanye amakosa yabantu.

4. Kugenzura no Kwipimisha:Kugenzura neza no gupima urusaku ni ngombwa kugirango wemeze ubuziranenge n'ubunyangamugayo. Tekinoroji nkibizamini byangiza (NDT), harimo na x-ray cyangwa ultrasonic bipimisha, birashobora gutahura inenge zose zishobora gutahura ubwishingizi bwigihe kirekire.

Mu gusoza:

Kubaka imiyoboro gaze munsi yubutaka ukoresheje ibyuma bisuye ibyuma bisaba kubahiriza uburyo bukwiye bwo gusudira. Mugukoresha ubukuru bwujuje ibisabwa, gutegura neza ingingo, nyuma yo gutanga uburyo bwiza bwo gutangara, kandi tugakora igenzura ryuzuye, dushobora kwemeza umutekano, kuramba, no gukora neza iyo miyoboro. Binyuze mu kwitondera neza muburyo bwo gusudira, turashobora gutanga gaze karemano kugirango duhuze imbaraga nimbaraga z'abakeneye ingufu mu gihe ushyira imbere imibereho myiza y'abaturage ndetse n'umutekano rusange.